The Service Tree lists all services in "branched" groups, starting with the very general and moving to the very specific. Click on the name of any group name to see the sub-groups available within it. Click on a service code to see its details and the providers who offer that service.
Courts
Courts that are part of the judicial branch of the U.S. government which hear and rule on appeals from lower courts or which are especially established by Congress to deal with particular types of cases.
Intermediate appellate courts that, in most states, hear appeals from cases decided in state trial courts. In states with this court structure, decisions by the State Courts of Appeal may be reviewed by the State Supreme Court at its discretion.
The highest court within the state judicial system in most states. It decides the most important issues of constitutional and statutory law and is intended to provide legal clarity and consistency for the lower appellate and trial courts. Most state supreme court also oversee the administration of the jurisdiction's judicial system.
A state trial court of original jurisdiction that tries and adjudicates controversies involving deficiencies or overpayments of taxes covered by state tax law which may include personal income tax, property tax, corporate excise tax, timber tax (where relevant), local budget law and property tax limitations. It is the responsibility of the Tax Court to provide expeditious, convenient, equitable and effective judicial review of state and local tax assessments; create a consistent, uniform body of tax law for the guidance of taxpayers and tax administrators that promotes predictability in tax law and its application; and make decisions of the court readily available to taxpayers, tax administrators and tax professionals. In some jurisdictions, the Tax Court may also hear appeals of inheritance tax determinations from the courts of probate jurisdiction.
State trial courts located in local judicial districts that have jurisdiction in all cases in equity, cases involving title to or possession of real property, civil cases, felony and misdemeanor cases, probate and divorce matters, conciliation and domestic relations cases, adoptions, psychiatric cases, juvenile cases and traffic cases as well as appeals from Justice Courts. Appeals from the state trial court level are heard in most states by the State Courts of Appeal or the State Supreme Court at their discretion. In some states, a distinction is made between municipal courts which hear civil cases involving monetary claims lower than an established amount and criminal cases involving infractions punishable by a fine but not imprisonment, misdemeanor cases and preliminary hearings for felony cases; and superior courts which hear civil cases involving more substantial monetary claims, felony cases and other types of cases including adoption and family law matters, mental health cases, probate cases, and juvenile cases. In some states municipal courts are established by individual cities and have concurrent jurisdiction with superior courts over misdemeanor and gross misdemeanor violations and exclusive jurisdiction over infractions of local ordinances.
Independent courts that have been established to serve the legal needs of Native American tribal members who reside on tribal reservations. The courts are as varied as the tribes themselves and adhere to laws and procedures from tradition-based systems with little or no written rules or codes to systems that mirror courts in the federal and state systems. The jurisdiction of tribal courts also varies. Some may have jurisdiction only over certain types of crimes committed in the community (e.g., misdemeanors) while the state or federal courts have jurisdiction over other cases. Other tribal courts may take jurisdiction only over crimes committed by adults and refer juvenile offenders to non-Indian courts.
Courts which serve as an alternative to Juvenile Justice Courts for youth younger than age 16 who have committed minor delinquent and status offenses or exhibit other problem behaviors. Youth whose cases are heard in youth courts are judged, convicted or exonerated and sentenced by their peers. Variously known as teen, peer, and student courts, youth courts can be administered by and operated by a variety of agencies within a community including law enforcement agencies, juvenile probation departments, juvenile courts, private nonprofit agencies and schools.